Written by Glintcare Clinical Team
Our multidisciplinary clinical team develops and reviews educational mental health content to ensure accuracy, clarity, and alignment with current clinical practice.
Persistent Depressive Disorder (PDD), formerly known as dysthymia, is a chronic form of depression that lasts for at least two years in adults. While symptoms may be less severe than major depression, the prolonged duration makes PDD deeply impactful on quality of life.
Recognising PDD
The symptoms of PDD include depressed mood for most of the day, more days than not, for at least two years. Accompanying symptoms include poor appetite or overeating, insomnia or hypersomnia, low energy, low self-esteem, poor concentration, and feelings of hopelessness. Because the symptoms are less acute, many people with PDD do not realise they are depressed — they think it is just their personality or "how life is."
Double Depression
Many people with PDD experience episodes of major depression on top of their chronic symptoms, known as "double depression." This can complicate treatment and makes professional diagnosis particularly important.
Causes and Risk Factors
The causes of PDD are similar to those of major depression, with a strong genetic component. Early life adversity, chronic stress, and personality traits such as neuroticism increase risk. PDD often begins in adolescence or early adulthood.
Treatment Approaches
Psychotherapy: CBT and psychodynamic therapy are effective for long-standing patterns
Medication: SSRIs and SNRIs can be effective, though they may take longer to work
Combined Treatment: The combination of therapy and medication is often more effective than either alone
Lifestyle Changes: Regular routines, exercise, and social connection are particularly important for chronic conditions
Hope for Recovery
With consistent treatment, most people with PDD experience significant improvement in their mood and quality of life. The key is recognising that chronic low mood is a treatable condition, not a character flaw. At Glintcare, we provide the sustained, compassionate care that chronic depression requires.
