Written by Glintcare Clinical Team
Our multidisciplinary clinical team develops and reviews educational mental health content to ensure accuracy, clarity, and alignment with current clinical practice.
Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is more than feeling sad or having a bad day. It is a clinical condition characterised by persistent low mood, loss of interest in activities, and a range of physical and cognitive symptoms that interfere with daily functioning.
Recognising Major Depression
The core symptoms of MDD include depressed mood most of the day, markedly diminished interest or pleasure in activities, significant weight changes, sleep disturbances, fatigue, feelings of worthlessness, difficulty concentrating, and recurrent thoughts of death. A diagnosis requires five or more symptoms present for at least two weeks, with at least one being depressed mood or loss of interest.
What Causes Depression?
Depression arises from a complex interaction of biological, psychological, and social factors. Brain chemistry imbalances, particularly involving serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine, play a role. Genetics account for about 40% of risk. Trauma, loss, chronic stress, and medical conditions such as thyroid disorders can trigger depressive episodes.
The Impact of Depression
Untreated depression can have far-reaching consequences — strained relationships, impaired work performance, social isolation, and increased risk of suicide. It is also associated with physical health problems including cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and chronic pain.
Evidence-Based Treatments
Psychotherapy: CBT, interpersonal therapy, and behavioural activation are highly effective
Medication: SSRIs, SNRIs, bupropion, and other antidepressants help correct brain chemistry imbalances
Brain Stimulation Therapies: ECT and TMS are options for treatment-resistant cases
Lifestyle Interventions: Exercise, sleep hygiene, and nutrition support recovery
Recovery Is Possible
With proper treatment, 70–80% of people with major depression experience significant improvement. Recovery is not linear — there may be setbacks — but sustained progress is the norm. At Glintcare, our comprehensive depression treatment programme combines therapy, medication management, and holistic support tailored to your needs.
